Sailor hasn't published a key, but collectors have spotted a pattern. The first digit tracks lightness from the light 100s up to the much darker 800s. The second is the color family: 2 for blacks and greys, 3 for reds and pinks, 4 for blues, 5 for purples, 6 for greens, and 7 for yellows, oranges, and olives, with browns running into the 8s. The third picks out the specific hue. This page carries a subset of the full range. If you're looking beyond Sailor, our full
fountain pen ink collection has hundreds more bottles.